Tilda Publishing

ПЕРСПЕКТИВНЫЕ МАТЕРИАЛЫ

Tilda Publishing

ПЕРСПЕКТИВНЫЕ МАТЕРИАЛЫ

2025, No. 2, CONTENTS

ПЕРСПЕКТИВНЫЕ МАТЕРИАЛЫ

Tilda Publishing

ПЕРСПЕКТИВНЫЕ МАТЕРИАЛЫ

2025, No. 2, ABSTRACTS

ПЕРСПЕКТИВНЫЕ МАТЕРИАЛЫ

The effect of compression plasma fluxes on the structure and mechanical and corrosion properties of silicon electrical steel

N. G. Valko¹, S. V. Zlotski², V. M. Anishchik², N. A. Paulova¹, N. I. Moroz¹

Yanka Kupala State University of Grodno, 22, str. Ozheshko, 230023 Grodno, Belarus
E-mail: N.Valko@grsu.by; pavlova_na_19@mail.ru; natali84@tut.by
Belarusian State University, 4, av. Nezavisimisty, 220030 Minsk, Belarus
E-mail: Zlotski@bsu.by; Anishchik@bsu.by

The work presents the results of a study the effect of treatment with compression plasma fluxes with pulse energy density of 35 J/cm2 on the structure, mechanical and protective properties of silicon electrical steels with silicon content of 6.67 %. Samples were modified with 1, 2, 3 pulses of compression plasma flows in the N-atmosphere at pressure of 400 Pa. By the method of scanning electron microscope it observed that surface of morphology characterizes with craters depending on number of pulses. By the method of X-ray diffraction was established that the lattice parameter increases. Density of dislocations and microhardness increases due high-speed cooling of the modified layer. It was established that the friction coefficient and corrosion resistance increase, due to the formation of a non-uniform melted surface in the CPFs-treated samples and due to formatting a homogeneous remelted layer.

Keywords: electrical steel, compression plasma flows, structure, microhardness, friction coefficient, corrosion resistance.

DOI: 10.30791/0015-3214-2025-2-5-13

ПЕРСПЕКТИВНЫЕ МАТЕРИАЛЫ

Friction treatment of plasma nickel coating

V. I. Kalita, D. I. Komlev, A. A. Radiuk, A. B. Mihailova, K. Iu. Demin

Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science of the Russian Academy of Science (IMET RAS),
49 Leninsky prospect, 119334 Moscow, Russia
E-mail: vkalita@imet.ac.ru; imet-lab25@yandex.ru; sasham1@mail.ru; dkx@yandex.ru

Made the analysis of a microstructure and microhardness of a plasma nickel coating on a cylindrical steel substrate after frictional processing by two tools from quick cutting steel. The substrate with a coating rotated, and tools linearly moved along the forming cylindrical substrate. At frictional processing a surface of a coating and end faces of tools are oxidized that defines the mechanism of their interaction with restriction of adhesion between them. Temperature increase of a surface of a coating up to 1500 °C allows to deform them and to condense. Suggested to estimate power process of frictional processing of a nickel coating in size of the power enclosed by tools to a coating to the work performed on the area of a coating taking into account cyclic loadings of compression up to 40 MPa and shift up to 10 MPa within 50 seconds.

Keywords: plasma nickel coatings, spraying with a nozzle, a cylindrical substrate, frictional processing, power of process, a microstructure and microhardness.

DOI: 10.30791/0015-3214-2025-2-14-27

ПЕРСПЕКТИВНЫЕ МАТЕРИАЛЫ

Multi-element surface alloying of technically pure titanium: structure and properties

Yu. F. Ivanov, O. S. Tolkachev, E. A. Petrikova, N. A. Prokopenko,
O. V. Krysina, Y. H. Akhmadeev, N. N. Koval

Institute of High Current Electronics of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (IHCE SB RAS)
2/3 Akademichesky Avenue, 634055 Tomsk, Russia
E-mail: yufi55@mail.ru; ole.ts@mail.ru; elizmarkova@yahoo.com; nick08_phantom@mail.ru; krysina@opee.hcei.tsc.ru;
ahmadeev@opee.hcei.tsc.ru; koval@opee.hcei.tsc.ru

The paper presents an analysis of the results obtained during studying the structure and properties of commercially pure titanium subjected to surface alloying by irradiating the film/substrate system with a pulsed electron beam. Specimens of technically pure titanium (VT1-0) were the object of the study. Multi-element films of the 25.7 Ti – 17.0 Al – 21.9 Nb – 22.3 Zr – 13.1 Cu (at. %) composition with a thickness of 2.5 – 3.0 µm, having a multilayer structure and being an amorphous-crystalline material were formed on the surface using the vacuum-arc plasma-assisted method. Surface alloying of titanium specimens was carried out by irradiating the “film (TiNbAlZrCu) –substrate (VT1-0)” system with an intense pulsed electron beam (20 J/cm2, 50 µs, 3 and 30 pulses, 0.3 s–1, residual gas pressure Ar in the setup chamber 0.02 Pa). It is shown that the irradiation of the film – substrate system with a pulsed electron beam with three pulses of electron beam action is accompanied by the formation of a multi-element (Ti, Al, Cu, Zr, Nb), multi-phase (TiNbAlZrCu, β-Ti, Cu, α-Ti) submicron-nanocrystalline surface layer. Studies has been carried out and a multiple increase in the microhardness of the surface layer of VT1-0 titanium has been revealed both after the formation of a Ti – Al – Cu – Zr – Nb composition film on the surface, close to equiatomic, and after irradiation of the “film – substrate” system with a pulsed electron beam. It has been established that film deposition leads to a multiple (more than 13 times) increase in the wear resistance of the film/substrate system; subsequent irradiation for the purpose of forming an alloyed surface layer is accompanied by a decrease in the wear resistance of the samples.

Key words: titanium, surface alloy, film – substrate system, vacuum-arc plasma-assisted method, pulsed electron beam, structure, properties.

DOI: 10.30791/0015-3214-2025-2-28-36

ПЕРСПЕКТИВНЫЕ МАТЕРИАЛЫ

Physicochemical properties of titanium implants with multilayer calcium phosphate coatings

A. E. Doroshenko¹, V. K. Krut’ko¹, O. N. Musskaya¹, A. I. Dovnar², O. B. Ostrovskaya², A. I. Kulak<sup>1

1</sup> State Scientific Institution “Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus”
9/1 Surganova str., 220072 Minsk, Belarus
E-mail: anika13066@gmail.com; tsuber@igic.bas-net.by; musskaja@igic.bas-net.by; kulak@igic.bas-net.by
² Grodno State Medical University, Belarus, Grodno, , 80 Gorky str., 220009 Minsk, Belarus
E-mail: dovnarneiro@gmail.com; astrowskaja@gmail.com

Composite calcium phosphate coatings on titanium substrates (VT 6) were obtained by electrochemical deposition from a CaCO3 / Ca(H2PO4)2 suspension electrolyte at 30 mA/cm2 and 5 min. Biomimetic apatite was formed on the composite coatings by soaking in a 3-fold concentrated model solution of Simulated Body Fluid (SBF × 3), and crystallized by heat treatment at 800 °C for 5 hours. The two-layer calcium phosphate coatings consisted of hydroxyapatite (71 %), calcium oxide (23 %), and β-tricalcium phosphate (6 %). Three-layer porous bioactive coatings enriched with apatite were obtained by soaking the two-layer coatings in a SBF × 3 solution. Changes in the phase composition of different types of coatings in vivo during implantation on the parietal bone of rats for 1, 3 and 6 months were revealed, which indicate the processes of resorption and interaction with body tissues. Titanium implants with multilayer calcium phosphate coatings are not rejected by the body, provide accelerated fusion with bone tissue and can be used in neurosurgery, dentistry and orthopedics.

Keywords: electrochemical deposition, biomimetic deposition, titanium, hydroxyapatite, calcium phosphate coatings, amorphized apatite.

DOI: 10.30791/0015-3214-2025-2-37-46

ПЕРСПЕКТИВНЫЕ МАТЕРИАЛЫ

Study of the degradation processes of the of iron-based alloy (Fehral) structure under conditions of high-temperature non-catalytic conversion of hydrocarbon gases

S. S. Manokhin¹, Yu. R. Kolobov^1, 2, I. V. Sedov¹, A. Yu. Tokmacheva-Kolobova<sup>1

1</sup> Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics of Russian Academy of Sciences,
1 Academician Semenov avenue, 142432 Chernogolovka, Moscow Region, Russia
E-mail: manohin@icp.ac.ru; kolobov@icp.ac.ru; isedov@icp.ac.ru; anastasiia.misis@gmail.com
² Lomonosov Moscow State University, GSP-1, Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia

Peculiarities of diffusion-controlled processes of formation and degradation of structure of near-surface layers of iron-based alloy (Fehral): Cr (21 – 27 %); Al (4 ± 1 %), Si (0.26 %), the rest — Fe under conditions of its operation as a wire matrix material in the working chamber of a laboratory installation for the process of non-catalytic conversion of hydrocarbon gases at a temperature of 1200 °C with a holding time of up to 30 hours have been studied. By methods of optical metallography, scanning and transmission electron microscopy, including the possibility of analyzing the elemental composition by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, comparative studies of microstructure, elemental and phase compositions of the alloy in the initial state and after operation under the conditions under study were carried out. It has been established that under such conditions a thick (about 120 microns) oxide layer consisting mainly of iron oxides (Fe3O4 and Fe2O3) is formed on the surface of wires. The main features of microstructure and phase composition evolution, as well as crack formation and growth along the interfaces of the transition region “matrix – surface oxide” were revealed. Active internal oxidation of wire alloy samples with formation of dispersed Cr2O3 particles in the near-surface layer has been detected. The change of microhardness of the material during operation is analyzed. The role of microstructure degradation and cracking processes in the observed accelerated destruction of wire matrixes under the considered conditions is discussed. It is shown that under such conditions there is a rapid degradation of the structure and mechanical properties of the material, which leads to its accelerated failure.

Keywords: Fehral, high-temperature oxidation, microstructure, oxide layer, cracking, non-catalytic conversion of hydrocarbon gases.

DOI: 10.30791/0015-3214-2025-2-47-56

ПЕРСПЕКТИВНЫЕ МАТЕРИАЛЫ

Using lubricant materials for isothermal forging of Al-based alloy RS300 (AK10ch) blanks

A. N. Petrov¹, N. A. Bessonova¹, P. A. Petrov¹, T. S. Basyuk², G. G. Aslanyn³, V. O. Kochkurov<sup>3

1</sup> Moscow Polytechnic University, 38 B. Semenovskaya str., 107023 Moscow, Russia
Email: alexander_petr@mail.ru; nbessonova@inbox.ru; petrov_p@mail.ru
² JSC NPP “Autotechnology – MAMI”, 38 B. Semenovskaya str., 107023 Moscow, Russia
Email: basyukt@yandex.ru
³ JSC “Center of Additive technologies”, 7 Vishnevaya str., 125362 Moscow, Russia
Email: aslanyn_g@rt-3d.ru; kochkurov_v@rt-3d.ru

This article deals with researching of lubricant materials for hot forging Al-based alloys. An analysis of lubricant materials for hot and hot isothermal forging of Al-based alloys such as AMg6 and AK12D was done. There were researched technological properties of lubricants for isothermal forging Al-based alloys RS300 blanks. This alloy RS300 was done with new technology named SLM. To research technology properties this alloy RS300, we have used method of upsetting ring samples. These Al-based alloy ring samples RS300 had the initial sizes D:d:H = 6:3:2. Then they were upset on the flat dies with hydraulic press with rated capacity up to 2,5 MN. Velocity of deformation was 2 mm/s. There were used die materials with heat resistance for hot forging. Trust ring was installed on the low flat die to fix stroke press ram not to less 7.0 mm. Heat of the samples and dies were up to 450 °C. There were three series of experiments. First, the samples RS300 were upsetting with lubricant names MC-23M. Then next samples were upsetting with MC-23M plus coating TV-6 and OVT-CT, respectively. We have got compare results of different compositions. Finally, we have claimed that the lubricant MC-23M could be used for isothermal forging Al-based alloy RS300. These experimental results have given initial information for the next computer modelling technological process isothermal forging blanks RS300. It will be confirming results and by the way to determine digital value of coefficient friction for lubricant named MC-23M.

Keywords: lubricant materials, Al-based alloys, isothermal forging, structure, mechanical properties, additive technologies, friction, method of upsetting ring samples, coefficient friction.

DOI: 10.30791/0015-3214-2025-2-57-65

ПЕРСПЕКТИВНЫЕ МАТЕРИАЛЫ

LaFe_13 – xSi_x compounds non-destructive hydrogenation approaches development

D. Yu. Karpenkov^1, 2, R. A. Makarin², A. Yu. Karpenkov^1, 3, A. V. Korotitskiy¹,
T. A. Sviridova¹, M. V. Zhelezniy<sup>1

1</sup> National University of Science and Technology “MISiS”,
4 Leninsky prospect, 119049 Moscow, Russia
E-mail: karpenkov.dy@misis.ru; karpenkov_alex@mail.ru; akorotitskiy@gmail.com; tim-17@yandex.ru; markiron@mail.ru
² Lomonosov Moscow State University,
1 Leninskie gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia
E-mail: rodion.makaron@gmail.com
³ Tver State University,
33 Zhelyabova str., 170100 Tver, Russia

Solid-state magnetic cooling is proposed as a more reliable, environmentally friendly and energy-efficient alternative to gas-compression cooling. Among the rich variety of approaches to increase the cooling capacity of magnetic refrigerators, the use of multistimulus cycles stands out due to the more efficient utilisation of the interpole space of the magnetic system. The implementation of multistimulus cooling cycles implies the simultaneous impact of a magnetic field, which induces a phase transition in the refrigerant, and an external mechanical stress, which allows a fine tuning of the Curie temperature of the magnetocaloric material. A balance between mechanical (strength) and magnetic (adiabatic temperature change) characteristics is crucial. However, hydrogenated samples of the La(Fe, Si)13 alloys, which have a phase transition temperature near room temperature, are brittle. In this work we have tested the hydrogenation regimes that allow us to achieve the required values of compressive strain strength for successful application of samples of this family of materials in multistimulus magnetic cooling cycles. By direct measurements of the magnetocaloric effect and stress-strain curves for cast and hydrogenated LaFe11.6 – xSi1.4 (x = 0 – 3) alloys, the optimum content of the reinforcing phase of the solid solution of iron substitution by silicon in the bcc lattice was determined.

Keywords: magnetocaloric effect, metamagnetic phase transition, LaFe13 – xSix alloys, hydrogenation, mechanical properties.

DOI: 10.30791/0015-3214-2025-2-66-76

ПЕРСПЕКТИВНЫЕ МАТЕРИАЛЫ

Preparation of electrolyte from recycled V2O5 for vanadium redox flow batteries and evaluation of its application potential

Sh. Ch. Iskandarov, I. Kh. Ashurov, U. F. Berdiev, U. B. Khursandov, Kh. B. Ashurov

Institute of Ion-Plasma and Laser Technologies named after U.A. Arifov of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan,
33 Durmon yuli str., 100125 Tashkent, Uzbekistan
E-mail: iskandarov@iplt.uz

With the development of the world and the improvement of living standards, the demand for energy is increasing. To meet this demand and minimize environmental threats, it is essential to utilize renewable energy sources. However, one of the key challenges in renewable energy is the lack of stable energy supply. Consequently, there is a growing need for high-capacity energy storage systems. Vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFB) are considered a promising technology for storing energy from renewable sources. However, the widespread adoption of VRFBs is limited by several factors, including the high cost of electrolytes, which accounts for 30 – 40 % of the total battery cost. One of the main reasons for this is the use of high-purity vanadium oxide (V2O5). An alternative solution could be the use of less pure or recycled V2O5 for electrolyte production, which would reduce costs and enhance the environmental efficiency of the technology. Despite the large number of studies on electrolytes for vanadium batteries, research on the use of recycled V2O5 is scarce. This article investigates the possibility of using recycled V2O5 for electrolyte preparation. A laboratory prototype of a single-cell membrane electrochemical block was fabricated for testing. The change in the oxidation state of the electrolyte during charge-discharge cycles was studied using a UV-1280 spectrophotometer. Optimal current density parameters were determined for various operating modes. A total of 300 charge-discharge cycles were conducted, demonstrating the stability, energy efficiency, and charge capacity of the electrolyte.

Keywords: vanadium redox flow batteries, vanadium oxide, V2O5, UV-1280 spectrophotometer, electrolytes, renewable energy sources, recycled vanadium oxide.

DOI: 10.30791/0015-3214-2025-2-77-82