Tilda Publishing

ПЕРСПЕКТИВНЫЕ МАТЕРИАЛЫ

Tilda Publishing

ПЕРСПЕКТИВНЫЕ МАТЕРИАЛЫ

2026, No. 1, ABSTRACTS

ПЕРСПЕКТИВНЫЕ МАТЕРИАЛЫ

Factors determining the increase in the rate of diffusion saturation
of the metal surface under the influence of electric discharges

D. E. Kaputkin

Moscow State Technical University of Civil Aviation,
20 Kronshtadsky bulvar, 125493 Moscow, Russia
E-mail: kaputkin@mail.ru

The processes of thermochemical treatment of the surface of metals and alloys in a gas environment can be accelerated many times due to electric discharges. Analysis of the movement of ions in the resulting plasma, the distribution of temperature and mechanical stresses in the processed metal, as well as changes in the structure of the subsurface layer made it possible to determine and rank the main factors according to the degree of their influence on the acceleration of the process of saturation of the metal surface with alloying elements. The greatest influence is exerted by changes in structure, then thermal stresses, and actually an increase in temperature near the contact of the discharge channel and the metal surface.

Keywords: electro-chemical-thermal treatment, discharge, diffusion, coating.

DOI: 10.30791/0015-3214-2026-1-5-14

ПЕРСПЕКТИВНЫЕ МАТЕРИАЛЫ

Surface blasting of steel using a low-pressure high-frequency inductive discharge with a liquid plasma-forming medium

R. R. Kayumov¹, I. Sh. Abdullin², Al. F. Gaisin<sup>1

1</sup> Kazan National Research Technical University named after A.N. Tupolev — KAI,
10 K. Marksa str., 420111 Kazan, Russia
² OOO “Plasma-VST”, 27 Kurskaya str., 420081 Kazan, Russia
E-mail: almaz87@mail.ru

This article presents the results of a study on the surface treatment of steel using a high-frequency inductive discharge (HFID) at reduced pressure using a liquid plasma-forming medium. It is shown that HFID treatment significantly alters the surface morphology, reduces roughness, creates microtexture, and opens microcraters. We measured the contact angle to determine the surface energy state after exposure to a high-frequency induction discharge in a liquid plasma medium. This allowed us to assess the change in surface hydrophilicity: the contact angle increased from 65.6° to 89.0°, indicating a decrease in hydrophilicity and the surface approaching a hydrophobic state. Surface modification of the material was also assessed by measuring the microhardness of the surface layer after treatment. The obtained results demonstrate the effectiveness of high-frequency induction jet machining for improving the performance characteristics of steel, including wear resistance, coating adhesion, and corrosion resistance, and can be used to develop optimized surface treatment regimes.

Keywords: high-frequency induction discharge, jet plasma, electrolytic plasma machining, surface roughness, microhardness, contact angle, steel modification, liquid plasma medium.

DOI: 10.30791/0015-3214-2026-1-15-24

ПЕРСПЕКТИВНЫЕ МАТЕРИАЛЫ

Energy balance of the arc under a layer of silicate melt

A. A. Nikolaev, D. E. Kirpichov, N. A. Andreeva, T. N. Penkina

Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science of the Russian Academy of Sciences,
49 Leninsky prospect, 119334 Moscow, Russia
E-mail: nikolav.andrei@yandex.ru; dym2004@bk.ru; nandreeva@imet.ac.ru; t-penka-01@yandex.ru

The efficiency of heating a silicate melt with a direct current arc burning between the melt and an electrode-cathode immersed in the melt was examined under laboratory conditions. The specified mode is often implemented in ore-sintering furnaces during the extraction of valuable elements from fossil and man-made oxide raw materials. An oxide material based on SiO2 and Na2O in an amount of 300 – 350 g was melted in a steel crucible placed in a muffle electric furnace. A tungsten electrode with a diameter of 6 mm was immersed in the melt. The electrode was connected to the negative pole of the power source, and the crucible was connected to the positive. When voltage was applied, current flowed through the melt and resistive heating of the melt occurred. At a current of more than 20 A, an arc arose under the melt layer in the vicinity of the electrode, and arc heating was carried out in addition to resistive heating. The total heating power was determined experimentally. It turned out to be approximately half the supplied electric power, since the latter was spent both on heating and on boiling the melt in the arc area. The arc power was spent to a greater extent on gasification of the material than on its heating. The reason for this is the low thermal conductivity of the material. This conclusion is confirmed by calculation. A dimensionless criterion is proposed that allows determining the conditions for melt boiling and arc formation in the vicinity of the electrode. Photographs of the arc under a layer of silicate melt are given.

Keywords: melt, oxide, arc, heating, evaporation.

DOI: 10.30791/0015-3214-2026-1-25-31

ПЕРСПЕКТИВНЫЕ МАТЕРИАЛЫ

Influence of rolling on diffusion-transport properties of nonwoven fibrous matrices based on polyhydroxybutyrate

E. P. Dodina^1, 2, A. A. Olkhov^2, 3, R. Yu. Kosenko³, V. S. Markin ³, E. L. Kucherenko³, Yu. N. Zernova³, A. G. Filatova³, Z. R. Abushakhmanova², A. L. Iordansky<sup>3

1</sup> N.M. Emmanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Kosygina str., 119991 Moscow, Russia
E-mail: ekaterina_dodina@mail.ru
² Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, 36 Stremyanny lane, 117997 Moscow, Russia
³ N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center of Chemical Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Kosygina str., 119991 Moscow, Russia

The article studies the effect of cool rolling on the morphology of nonwoven fibrous materials based on poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) with a model drug dipyridamole (DPD). Fibrous materials were obtained by electrospinning 7 % PHB-DPD solutions in chloroform. The concentration of DPD was varied in the range of 1 – 5 wt. %. Cold rolling of nonwoven fibrous materials was carried out using frictionless microrollers at room temperature and pressures of 5 and 10 MPa. It is shown that during cool rolling of nonwoven fibrous materials, the structure is compacted and the free interfiber volume decreases at the first stage, and with an increase in the degree of rolling, the free interfiber space practically disappears, the fibers are tightly adjacent to each other with the transition of their geometric shape from cylindrical to flat under the action of compressive stresses. In this case, the supramolecular structure of the fibers changes. Cold rolling stimulates the process of additional crystallization due to ruptures of overstressed sections of macromolecules in the nodes of mechanical engagements and interlacing of macromolecules in fibers. It was found that as a result of rolling (especially at high degrees), the rates of release of DPD from fibers are equalized, regardless of the initial concentration. Moreover, the higher the concentration of DPD, the less the stationary diffusion coefficient depends on the degree of rolling. The study showed the possibility of creating denser matrices of work is possible without significant loss of their diffusion-transport properties. The study showed the possibility of creating denser matrices without significant loss of their diffusion-transport properties.

Keywords: poly-3-hydroxybutyrate, dipyridamole, fibers, electrospinning, cool rolling, structure, release, diffusion.

DOI: 10.30791/0015-3214-2026-1-32-43

ПЕРСПЕКТИВНЫЕ МАТЕРИАЛЫ

Influence of complex additives on forming of products
from composites based on zirconium dioxide
and aluminum oxide by digital light processing

T. O. Obolkina, D. A. Utkin, M. A. Goldberg, D. R. Khayrutdinova, S. V. Smirnov, O. S. Antonova, A. A. Egorov, A. I. Ogarkov, A. N. Mosolov, S. O. Safonov, V. S. Komlev

Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science of the Russian Academy of Sciences,
49 Leninsky prospect, 119334 Moscow, Russia
E-mail: obolkina11@gmail.com; komlev@mail.ru

In this work, comprehensive studies of the influence of the composition of materials of the ZrO2 — Y2O3 — Al2O3 containing complex additives of Na2Si2O5 and metal oxides MnO, Fe2O3 and CoO on the absorption capacity of materials, the formation cured layer based on of suspensions, the microstructure and microhardness of products using the digital light processing were carried out. When exposed to a UV wave of 405 nm, photopolymerization of suspensions with complex additives of metal oxides leads to a decrease in the thickness of the cured layer compared to the composition without additives. The resulting products were characterized by high accuracy of transmission of geometric characteristics. The microhardness of the products was up to 11 GPa.

Keywords: additive manufacturing, zirconium dioxide, sodium disilicate, iron, ceramics, cobalt, manganese, digital light processing.

DOI: 10.30791/0015-3214-2026-1-44-51

ПЕРСПЕКТИВНЫЕ МАТЕРИАЛЫ

Study of the evolution of the structural-phase state of the Fe – Cr – Ni(X) alloy,
including with a modified surface, when used as a wire material matrix in the process
of high-temperature conversion of hydrocarbon gases

S. S. Manokhin^1, 2, Yu. R. Kolobov^1, 2, V. N. Maksimenko¹, A. Yu. Tokmacheva-Kolobova¹,
I. G. Fokin¹, V. V. Otnelchenko¹, I. V. Sedov<sup>1

1</sup> Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry RAS,
1 Academician Semenov avenue, 142432 Chernogolovka, Moscow Region, Russia
E-mail: manohin@icp.ac.ru; kolobov@icp.ac.ru; maksimenkovn@icp.ac.ru; anastasiia.misis@gmail.com; ilia@icp.ac.ru;
otnelchenko.vv@phystech.edu; isedov@icp.ac.ru;
² Togliatti State University, 14, Belorusskaya str., 445020 Togliatti, Samara Region, Russia

A comprehensive study of the degradation processes of the wire material structure of a matrix converter made of a heat-resistant Fe – Cr – Ni(X) alloy operating under the conditions of the technological process of high-temperature conversion of hydrocarbons in a unit for producing synthesis gas by non-catalytic conversion was conducted.

Keywords: heat-resistant alloy, Fe – Cr – Ni system, high-temperature oxidation, protective oxide layer, silicon carbide, laser surface modification, microstructure, phase transformations, electron microscopy, corrosion resistance, synthesis gas, matrix converter.

DOI: 10.30791/0015-3214-2026-1-52-60

ПЕРСПЕКТИВНЫЕ МАТЕРИАЛЫ

Hybrid adsorbent based on polymer microfibers and AlOOH/Ag nanostructures for water purification from microorganisms

O. V. Bakina¹, S. O. Kazantsev¹, A. S. Lozhkomoev¹, E. A. Glazkova¹, E. I. Senkina¹,
Nguyen Hong Quang², M. I. Lerner<sup>1

1</sup> Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of Siberian Branch Russian Academy of Sciences (ISPMS SB RAS),
2/4 pr. Akademicheskii, 634055 Tomsk, Russia
E-mail: asl@ispms.ru
² The Joint Russian-Vietnamese Tropical Research and Technological Center (Tropical Center),
Nguyen Van Huyen, Nghia Do, 122000 Hanoi, Vietnam

The paper examines the use of a hybrid sorption material based on acetate cellulose microfibers and nanostructures of fine-crystalline boehmite with inclusions of Ag clusters for water purification from microorganisms. It has been shown that after impregnation of fibers with a suspension of Al/Ag bimetallic nanoparticles containing 9 at. % Ag, and subsequent oxidation of nanoparticles with water, a continuous porous coating of their nanosheet boehmite and Ag clusters is formed on their surface. This modification made it possible to significantly increase the specific surface area of the fibers to 164 m2/g and impart antibacterial properties to the material. When purifying water from Hanoi springs with high bacterial contamination, the material demonstrated 100 % efficiency, while the load on a filter with an area of 3 cm2 was more than 1010 сolony-forming units (CFU).

Keywords: polymer microfibers, bimetallic nanoparticles, oxidation, nanostructures, modification, hybrid adsorbent, antimicrobial activity.

DOI: 10.30791/0015-3214-2026-1-61-71

ПЕРСПЕКТИВНЫЕ МАТЕРИАЛЫ

The use of energy parameters in the study of the structural features of soil concrete based
on an organomineral reactive binder

Yu. V. Ponomareva, M. A. Frolova, A. M. Ayzenshtadt, A. A. Tarasenko

Northern (Arctic) federal university named after M.V. Lomonosov,
17 Severnaya Dvina Emb., 163002 Arkhangelsk, Russia
E-mail: yu.sokolova@narfu.ru; m.aizenstadt@narfu.ru; isenshtadt@narfu.ru; anastasia-tarasenko1@yandex.ru

We have carried out a comparative analysis of the structural features of the clay soil model and soil concrete based on an organomineral reactive binder with using an energy approach. We have chosen as energy characteristics surface energy, Hamaker constant, fractal dimension and total interaction energy of components, which determines the strength of the formed structure. It was found that when we introduce an organomineral binder into clay soil, the surface energy decreases by about 70 times, and the total energy of the structure increases by an average of 1.1 times. This is due to a decrease in the specific surface area and porosity of the composite and an increase in the dispersion interaction between soil particles. The fractal dimension after soil modification decreases from 2 to 1.69, which is associated with a reduction in the intensity of the processes of formation of a new surface and phase boundary. Thus, using energy indicators of the microstructure, we have evaluated the nature of the interaction of the components in the studied organomineral composition and confirmed the formation of a soil-concrete structure of the crystallization or cementation type that is resistant to external influences.

Keywords: energy characteristics, energy of the structure, surface tension, Hamaker constant, surface energy, fractal dimension.

DOI: 10.30791/0015-3214-2026-1-72-78

ПЕРСПЕКТИВНЫЕ МАТЕРИАЛЫ

Experience of using magnesium casting alloy chips to produce pressed rods

B. L. Bobryshev¹, D. B. Bobryshev¹, A. E. Ligachev^{1, 2}, D. V. Popkov³, I. A. Korms³, A. V. Fomin<sup>4

1</sup> LLC “AVANGARD-LIT”, 33 Klara Zetkin str., 125130 Moscow, Russia
² Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences,
38 Vavilova str., GSP-1, 119991 Moscow, Russia
E-mail: carbin@yandex.ru
³ MMZ “AVANGARD”, 33 Klara Zetkin str., 125130 Moscow, Russia
⁴ National University of Science and Technology “MISIS”,
bild. 1, 4, Leninsky prospect, 119049 Moscow, Russia

On a press with a nominal force of 450 t in containers with a diameter of 70 mm, briquetted chips of the foundry magnesium alloy ML5 (Mg — 89.1 – 92.15 %, Al —7.5 – 9 %) were pressed into bars with a diameter of 8 – 20 mm. The strength properties (σВ, σ0,2, δ) of the rod material at room temperature are determined, which are not inferior to the properties of pressed rods made of similar deformable magnesium alloys MA5 and MA 2-1.

Keywords: chips, magnesium, plastic deformation, structure, strength.

DOI: 10.30791/0015-3214-2026-1-79-82