Tilda Publishing

ПЕРСПЕКТИВНЫЕ МАТЕРИАЛЫ

Tilda Publishing

ПЕРСПЕКТИВНЫЕ МАТЕРИАЛЫ

2026, No. 3, CONTENTS

ПЕРСПЕКТИВНЫЕ МАТЕРИАЛЫ

Tilda Publishing

ПЕРСПЕКТИВНЫЕ МАТЕРИАЛЫ

2026, No. 3, ABSTRACTS

ПЕРСПЕКТИВНЫЕ МАТЕРИАЛЫ

Effect of high-power pulsed ion beam irradiation on the physical
and mechanical properties of MC221 hard alloy with a TiN coating

Zhengchuan Zhao¹, V. A. Tarbokov¹, O. S. Korneva¹, A. V. Gurulev²,
S. K. Pavlov¹, A. V. Pirozhkov¹, Shuhui Li¹, G. E. Remnev<sup>1

1</sup> National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University (TPU),
30 Lenina Avenue, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
E-mail: chzhenchuan1@tpu.ru; tarbokovv@tpu.ru; oskar@tpu.ru; quezze@tpu.ru; pirog@tpu.ru;
shuhuey1@tpu.ru; remnev@tpu.ru
² Institute of High-Current Electronics SB RAS,
2/3 Akademicheskiy Ave., 634055 Tomsk, Russia
E-mail: av.gurulev@hcei.ru

The effect of high-power pulsed ion beam (HIPIB) treatment on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the MC221 hard alloy surface (83 % WC, 5 % TiWC, 6 % TaNbC, 6 % Co), as well as on the adhesive strength and crack resistance of TiN coatings deposited onto it, has been investigated. The surface of hard alloy samples was irradiated with an ion beam (C+/H+, 85 %/15 %, 100 ns) at energy densities of 1 and 2 J/cm2, followed by the deposition of TiN coatings using vacuum-arc evaporation with ballistic focusing. It is shown that HIPIB treatment at 1 J/cm2 increases the microhardness of the hard alloy surface from 1580 to 2810 HV due to the refinement of WC grains from 62 to 18 nm and an increase in crystal lattice microdistortions. The critical load for the onset of failure of the TiN coating deposited on the hard alloy surface increases from ~ 7 N for the untreated sample to more than 30 N for the sample treated with HIPIB at an energy density of 1 J/cm2. On the acoustic emission curve recorded during the scratch test for this treatment regime, a few peaks of low intensity were detected within the range of 14.5 – 28.0 N, which are interpreted as controlled microcracking that dissipates energy. Treatment at an energy density of 2 J/cm2 leads to the formation of microcracks on the hard alloy surface and a reduction in coating adhesion to the hard alloy surface.

Keywords: MC221 hard alloy, TiN coating, adhesion, high-power pulsed ion beams, acoustic emission, microcracking strengthening.

DOI: 10.30791/0015-3214-2026-3-5-12

ПЕРСПЕКТИВНЫЕ МАТЕРИАЛЫ

Effect of Al₃Fe particle addition on the structure and mechanical properties of Al – 20 vol. % Sn alloy fabricated by selective laser melting

N. M. Rusin¹, A. L. Skorentsev^1, 2, K. O. Akimov¹, V. E. Likharev<sup>1

1</sup> Panin Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (ISPMS SB RAS),
2/4 pr. Akademicheskii, 634055 Tomsk, Russia
E-mail: rusinnm@mail.ru; skoralexan@mail.ru; akimov_ko@ispms.ru; vel6@tpu.ru
² Tomsk Polytechnic University,
30 Lenina Avenue, 634050 Tomsk, Russia

This paper examines the structural features and related mechanical properties of the Al – 20 vol. % Sn – 10 vol. % Al3Fe alloy produced by selective laser melting (SLM). The scanning speed during SLM was kept constant at 1.2 m/s, while the laser power (P) was varied from 50 to 170 W in 40 W increments. To produce a composite of the given composition, a mixture of commercial powders of ASD-1 grade aluminum, PO-1 tin, and Al3Fe powder prepared by grinding a sintered briquette of stoichiometric composition in a ball mill was used. The influence of P during SLM on the evolution of the alloy structure was assessed using electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction data. The structure of the material was examined using thin sections oriented along the building direction of the specimens during SLM. The relationship between the structure and the mechanical properties of the alloy was determined by analyzing the plastic flow curves σ(ε) of compressed specimens cut from the middle of alloy samples produced by SLM. It was found that the studied alloy with a relatively uniform distribution of components throughout the sample volume, in which there are virtually no cracks, can be produced only at a high volume density of radiant energy, achieved at P = 170 W, which ensures a high melt temperature and its high mobility. Moreover, the iron aluminides present in the alloyed powder mixture act as an inert additive that prevents active convective mixing of low-melting components. As a result, the produced Al – 20 vol. % Sn – 10 vol. % Al3Fe alloy had a finely dispersed structure with an aluminum matrix grain size of less than 1 µm. Its strength (ultimate strength σU = 146 MPa) was much higher compared to the base Al – 20 vol. % Sn alloy (σU = 90 MPa), containing an equivalent amount of soft tin phase, but its ductility was low, less than 1 %.

Keywords: aluminum matrix composite, selective laser melting, structure and phase composition, mechanical properties.

DOI: 10.30791/0015-3214-2026-3-13-23

ПЕРСПЕКТИВНЫЕ МАТЕРИАЛЫ

Polymethylmethacrylate composit with in situ syn-thesised
submicron copper (II) oxide particles

K. V. Fayzullin¹, M. P. Danilaev¹, E. A. Bobina¹, S. V. Drobushev¹,
M. A. Klabukov¹, V. A. Kuklin^1, 2, I. V. Lounev<sup>2

1</sup> Kazan National Research Technical University named after A. N. Tupolev — KAI
10 K. Marx str., 420111 Kazan, Tatarstan, Russia
E-mail: KVFayzullin@kai.ru; danilaev@mail.ru; eabobina@yandex.ru; SVDrobushev@kai.ru;
klabukov.misha@mail.ru; iamkvova@yandex.ru
² Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremlyovskaya str., 420008 Kazan, Russia
E-mail: Lounev75@mail.ru

A method for producing a polymer composite with submicron particles synthesized in situ has been study for the first time. The structure and morphology of the resulting particles were characterizing by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The copper oxide particles were found to possess a monoclinic crystal structure and an elliptical morphology, with mean dimensions of 300 ± 100 nm along the major axis and 100 ± 20 nm along the minor axis. The volume fraction of the filler in the samples was determined using dielectric spectroscopy. It was shown that the maximum tensile strength is achieved at a filler volume fraction of approximately 2 – 3 %, reaching 69 ± 0.5 MPa, which is 15 – 20 % higher than that of the unfilled PMMA. A further increase in filler content leads to a reduction in mechanical strength, which is attributed to the formation of particle aggregates, as confirmed by electron microscopy data. The proposed approach can be employed for the fabrication of materials with enhanced mechanical and functional properties and is recommended for use at filler volume fractions not exceeding
2 – 3 % to prevent agglomeration.

Keywords: polymer composite materials, submicron filler particles.

DOI: 10.30791/0015-3214-2026-3-24-33

ПЕРСПЕКТИВНЫЕ МАТЕРИАЛЫ

Formation of a gradient structure in titanium nickelide alloy
by longitudinal rolling

R. D. Karelin, V. S. Komarov, V. V. Cherkasov, V. A. Andreev, V. S. Yusupov

Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science of the Russian Academy of Sciences,
49 Leninskiy prospect, 119334 Moscow, Russia
E-mail: rdkarelin@gmail.com; vickomarov@gmail.com; v.basenchikov@yandex.ru; andreev.icmateks@gmail.com; vsyusupov@mail.ru

In the present study, Ti – 50.8 at. % Ni shape memory alloy round bars with a diameter of 8 mm were subjected to the longitudinal rolling at different deformation temperatures in the range of 20 – 750 °С in different initial states in order to create a heterostructural state. The analysis of the strain-stress state formed structure and hardness of the obtained samples after rolling was carried out. It was found that the increase in the accumulated strain leads to the corresponding increases of the structure heterogeneity and hardness distribution across the workpiece cross-section. The heterogeneous distribution of stress intensity and plastic deformation across the cross-section of a workpiece during rolling at 20 °C is identical, regardless of the initial state. The increase in the deformation temperature to 450 and 750 °C leads to a decrease in the heterogeneity of the stress distribution and plastic deformation across the cross-section of the rolled workpiece. After cold deformation of TiNi SMA specimens after RT, significant differences in the formed structure are observed in the central and edge zones of the specimens, with predominantly elongated structural elements in the center and predominantly equiaxed structural elements in the edge zones. This effect decreases with increasing deformation temperature. The difference in hardness values across the workpiece cross-section is 50 HV during cold rolling and 20 HV during hot rolling. Therefore, cold longitudinal rolling is a preferred method for forming a heterostructural state since increasing deformation temperature results in a more uniform distribution of structural elements and mechanical properties across the cross-section.

Keywords: shape memory alloys, titanium nickelide, gradient structure, longitudinal rolling, hardness.

DOI: 10.30791/0015-3214-2026-3-34-44

ПЕРСПЕКТИВНЫЕ МАТЕРИАЛЫ

The tensometric properties of Co69Fe4Cr4Si12B11 alloy
amorphous microwire

T. R. Chueva, P. P. Umnov, N. V. Gamurar, N. D. Bakhteeva, E. V. Todorova, A. V. Krutilin, V. V. Molokanov, M. A. Kaplan, A. A. Alpatov

Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science of the Russian Academy of Sciences,
49 Leninskiy prospect, 119334 Moscow, Russia
E-mail: tchueva@imet.ac.ru; pumnov@imet.ac.ru; ngamurar@imet.ac.ru; nbakhteeva@imet.ac.ru; elena.panfilova10@yandex.ru; akrutilin@imet.ac.ru; vmolokanov@imet.ac.ru; mishakaplan@yandex.ru; aaalpatov@imet.ac.ru

The mechanical and electrical properties of amorphous Co69Fe4Cr4Si12B11 alloy microwire in the temperature range from –196 °C to +200 °C was studied. It was established that the microwire amorphous structure has high thermal stability both in the initial state and after cryotreatment at –196 °C and annealing at 200 °C. The temperature of the beginning the amorphous phase crystallization is constant, Tx = 525 °С. Microwire has high plasticity in the studied temperature range, which was assessed by a technological test for the ability to form a knot. Amorphous microwire has a high tensile strength of 3.4 GPa at room temperature, which decreases by 4 % at low (–196 °C) and by 8 % at high (200 °C) test temperatures. Microwire is deformed elastically right up to destruction. Its elastic deformation increases with increasing test temperature from 2.4 % (at –196 °C) to 4 % (at 200 °C). Microwire has a high specific electrical resistance ρ = 1,13 – 1,15 Ω·mm2/m and a low average temperature coefficient of resistance α = –5,2·10–5 1/K. Two ranges of TCR values are distinguishable: α = –8,37·10–5 1/K in the temperature range from –196 to 15 °C and decreases to values of –1,96·10–5 1/K in the temperature range from 15 to 200 °C. The load dependence of the relative electrical resistance r(N) of the microwire is described by a linear function up to destruction. The hysteresis of values r does not exceed 0,3 % during cycling. The strain gauge coefficient of a straight microwire is γ = 1,75. The obtained results confirm the high strain-sensitive properties of the amorphous Co-alloy microwire in a wide temperature range. Microwire is promising for the production of sensitive elements for stress sensors used under extreme thermal cycling conditions, including in the aerospace industry.

Keywords: amorphous microwire, electrical resistance, plasticity, strength, thermal exposures, stress sensor, tensometric properties.

DOI: 10.30791/0015-3214-2026-3-45-57

ПЕРСПЕКТИВНЫЕ МАТЕРИАЛЫ

Metallurgical analysis of the surface layer of bronze BrA5, deformed by friction on steel 45 under conditions of boundary lubrication containing surfactants

L. I. Kuksenova¹, V. I. Savenko<sup>2

1</sup> Institute of Machines Sciense named after A.A. Blagonravov of the Russian Academy of Sciences,
4, Maliy Kcharitonievsky lane, 101000 Moscow, Russia
² Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences,
31, Leninsky prospect, 119071 Moscow, Russia
E-mail: visavenko@rambler.ru

The paper presents the results of an experimental study of the effect of surface-active additives — complex organic compounds of Cu, Ni, Mo, and Nd metals, which were part of a multi-component plastic lubricant, on the change in the structural and phase state of the surface layer of a copper alloy and the level of its surface destruction, in order to identify the conditions for the formation of a wear-resistant structure in the alloy. The studies were conducted using a universal reverse sliding friction machine MT-8. The friction pair “bronze BrA5 –steel 45” was tested in lubricating media based on a composition of mineral motor oil M9C and lithium soap of oxystearic acid. In a number of experiments, an emulsion consisting of M9C oil and a complex ether of benzylic tartaric acid and a wide fraction of C7 – C12 alcohols in equal mass fractions was also used as the base dispersion medium. Copper, nickel, molybdenum, and neodymium oleates were used as surface-active additives. The influence of each medium component on the friction process was evaluated based on the analysis of changes in the macroscopic indicators of bronze wear, combined with the microscopic characteristics of the structural and phase state of the contact deformation zone. The latter included the physical broadening of X-ray lines on the diffraction patterns recorded using the sliding beam X-ray method, as well as the crystal lattice parameter of the surface layer of the alloy. It has been shown that surface-active metal-containing additives (surfactants) significantly change the concentration and phase composition of the modified surface layer of bronze and have a noticeable effect on its structural and mechanical properties. It has been discovered that surfactant`s additives can not only improve the strength and tribotechnical characteristics of the surface-modified layer of bronze, but also create oxide films on its surface, which significantly reduce the wear resistance of this layer. The intensity of the synergistic effect of each lubricant component on the wear resistance of bronze is determined by the degree of surface activity of that component and its concentration in the lubricant medium.

Keywords: bronze, boundary friction, wear, surfactants, residual stresses, contact deformation, crystalline microstructure of the material, Rehbinder effect.

DOI: 10.30791/0015-3214-2026-3-58-76

ПЕРСПЕКТИВНЫЕ МАТЕРИАЛЫ

Enthalpies of formation and atomization of solid and gaseous platinum oxides

E. K. Kazenas, N. A. Andreeva, G. K. Astakhova, V. A. Volchenkova,
O. A. Ovchinnikova, T. N. Penkina, A. A. Fomina

Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science of the Russian Academy of Sciences,
49 Leninskiy prospect, 119334 Moscow, Russia
E-mail: kazenas@imet.ac.ru

Experimental and calculated results on the composition and vapour pressure of the whole group of platinum oxides in neutral and oxidizing atmosphere in the region 600 – 2100 K are presented. The gaseous molecules of platinoid oxides (RuO, RuO2, RuO3, RuO4, RhO, RhO2, PdO, OsO, OsO3, OsO4, IrO, IrO2, IrO3, PtO, PtO2) have been found. Oxygen pressures at dissociation of oxides (P, atm) were determined (except OsO2(k)). The results are given in the form of equations:
lgP(RuO2(k)) = –15000/T +7.97 — in the region of 985 – 1190 K; lgP(Rh2O3(k)) = –11520/T + 8.07 — in the region 757 – 910 K; lgP(PdO(k)) = –13257/T + 12.11 — in the region 700 – 800 K; lgP(OsO2(k)) = –19640/T + 22.52 — in the region 650 – 710 K; lgP(IrO2(k)) = –11486/T + 8.64 — in the region 780 – 850 K; lgP(PtO2(k)) = –11603/T + 12.75 — in the region 590 – 660 K. The enthalpies of vaporisation (ΔН0S, 298), formation(–ΔН0f, 298) and atomisation (ΔH0at, 298) of gaseous platinum oxides were calculated on the basis of literature and our experimental data, which were (ΔH, kJ/mol): RuO2 (88, 201, 941); Rh2O3(686, —, —); PdO (494, 330, 280); OsO2 (485, 214, 1066); IrO2 (431, 247, 915); PtO2 (355, 176, 882).

Keywords: platinoid oxides; vapour pressure; enthalpies of sublimation, atomisation and formation.

DOI: 10.30791/0015-3214-2026-3-77-84